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Ultrasonic descaling is a technology that uses the physical effect of high-frequency ultrasound (usually at a frequency of 20 kHz~1 MHz) to remove scale, rust or other deposits on the surface of pipes, equipment or workpieces. Compared with chemical cleaning or mechanical scraping, it has the characteristics of non-contact, environmental protection and high efficiency, and is widely used in industrial heat exchangers, boilers, oil pipelines, precision instruments and other scenarios.
Ultrasonic descaling equipment is mainly composed of ultrasonic generators, ultrasonic vibration disks, cleaning tanks, etc. Ultrasonic descaling mainly uses ultrasonic power to generate ultrasonic energy on the corresponding ultrasonic oscillator, and continuously passes through the cavitation effect in the liquid to disperse, loosen, break, damage, and fall off the dirt under the action of ultrasound, making it difficult to adhere to the pipe wall. Thereby achieving the effect of ultrasonic descaling.
The principle of ultrasonic descaling is mainly reflected in the following aspects:
1. Cavitation: The energy of ultrasonic waves directly produces a large number of cavities and bubbles in the processed fluid medium. When the sound pressure or sound intensity reaches a certain level, the bubbles will expand rapidly and then suddenly close. A strong pressure peak is generated within a certain range, and the local pressure peak can reach thousands of atmospheres. Under the action of peak pressure, the scale-forming substances are broken and suspended in the water, causing the natural scale layer to be destroyed and easy to fall off. The purpose of ultrasonic descaling.
2. Shear effect: Ultrasonic radiation acts on the scale layer, tube wall and water body. Due to different responses to ultrasonic frequencies, the three produce asynchronous vibrations and high-speed relative motion. Due to the speed difference, a relative shear force is generated at the interface between the oxide layer and the heat exchanger tube wall, causing fatigue and loosening of the oxide layer, thereby achieving the purpose of ultrasonic descaling.
3. Inhibition effect: The physical and chemical properties of the fluid are changed by the action of ultrasound, and the nucleation and growth of ions in the water on the tube wall are inhibited. As a result, the number of scale ions attached to the surface of the heat exchanger is reduced. Practical research has confirmed that the longer the ultrasonic action time, the better the effect of preventing scale formation by scaling substances.
In addition, the vibration of the bubbles will rub the solid surface. Once there is a drillable crack in the scale layer, the bubbles immediately "drill" into the vibration to cause the scale layer to fall off. Emulsification and self-separation of solid particles. When ultrasonic waves propagate in the cleaning liquid, positive and negative sound pressures are generated, forming jets to impact the cleaning parts. High-speed microjets will be generated at the interface, which can destroy dirt and remove or weaken boundary dirt.
Working principle of ultrasonic descaling
Cavitation effect
When ultrasonic waves propagate in liquids, they generate high-frequency pressure waves to form tiny bubbles (cavitation bubbles).
When bubbles collapse (implosion) instantly, local high pressure (up to 1000 atm) and high temperature (5000 K) are released, impacting the scale layer to loosen and peel off.
Microjet Impact
The microjet generated when the cavitation bubble breaks directly impacts the surface of the scale layer and mechanically crushes the sediment.
Vibration effect
The high-frequency vibration of ultrasonic waves causes shear stress between the scale layer and the base metal, resulting in fatigue shedding of the scale layer.
| Model | SONO20-1000 | SONO20-2000 | SONO15-3000 | SONO20-3000 |
| Frequency | 20±0.5 KHz | 20±0.5 KHz | 15±0.5 KHz | 20±0.5 KHz |
| Power | 1000 W | 2000 W | 3000 W | 3000 W |
| Voltage | 220/110V | 220/110V | 220/110V | 220/110V |
| Temperature | 300 ºC | 300 ºC | 300 ºC | 300 ºC |
| Pressure | 35 MPa | 35 MPa | 35 MPa | 35 MPa |
| Intensity of sound | 20 W/cm² | 40 W/cm² | 60 W/cm² | 60 W/cm² |
| Max Capacity | 10 L/Min | 15 L/Min | 20 L/Min | 20 L/Min |
Ultrasonic descaling technology has been widely used in various industrial cleaning processes, such as cleaning heat exchangers, membrane separation equipment, industrial pipelines, and surface cleaning of integral devices. It can effectively remove various types of scale and blockages, including precipitation, rust, sediment, etc.
Technical advantages
No need for chemical agents: avoid corrosion of equipment or environmental pollution.
High efficiency and no dead angle: can clean complex structures (such as threads, inside of thin tubes).
Protect the substrate: do not damage the metal surface and extend the life of the equipment.
Online cleaning: some systems can operate without stopping, reducing downtime losses
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